Wrench.



NOON.

J. J. NOON. WRENCH.

APPLICATION I'I-LED APBJQ, 1010.

v 1,001,596, Patented Aug. 22, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

(II /imam COLUMBIA PLANOGRAI'II cn.,w,\snmo'roN. |1.c.

JAMES J. NOON, OF TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 19, 1910.

ltatented Aug. .22, Serial No. 556,321.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, James J. NOON, a citizen of the United States,residing at the city of ioronto, in the county of York, Provincc ofOntario, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inrenches, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvemeiits in wrenches, and the principalobject of my invention is to provide a wrench which depends for itscontinuous grip on the work upon the indraw of theeccentrically-pivoted-movable jaw, that is, the movemei'it of themovable jaw toward the work, and the particular configuration of thegrip )ingsurfaces, of said movable-jaw, and thetixed jaw-member, so asto always maintain the relative positions of those portions of the saidgripping-surfaces between which the work is actually held, so that whilethe work is firmly gripped (in this case a pipe) there will be no dangerof crushing the same, the position of these portions of the grippingsurfaces in contact with the work always being such that a line drawnthrough the same will not pass through the center of the work, but willpass through the work in a position between the center thereof and thestem of the tool.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a wrenchconstructed of a small number of parts.

The construction of my preferred form of invention, and an alternativeform thereof, will be hereinafter particularly described, and the partsI claim as new will he pointed out in the claims forming part of thisspecification.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my preferred form of wrench showing itconstruct ed to be particularly used for tightening and loosening pipes.Fig. 9. is a longitudinal central section through the jaw and a portionof the stem or handle shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of mypreferred form of wrench, showing the action of the movable aw thereofwhen being used. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of my preferred form ofwrench showing the same provided with cutting disks, and attachments inwhich the same are mounted. Fig. 5 is a vertical central section throughthe shoe in which the upper pair of cutting disks are mounted,hereinafter particularly explained.

llig. 6 is a perspective view of an alternative form of my wrenchshowing the same constructed for use in removing and tightening flangesand nuts, and Fig. T is a longitudinal central section through the jaw.and a portion of the stem or handle, shown in Fig. (3.

1n the drawings, like characters of reference indicate correspondingparts in each figure.

A is any suitable stem or handle, which carries the head 13. This headit mav be secured to, or integrally formed a part of the said stem orhandle.

C is a sleeve which is mounted on the said stem or handle and hasmovement longitudinally thereof. The said sleeve is chambered as shownat I) so as to provide side walls I in which is held the retaining pinF. The said sleeve is 'n-ovided with a wall G having an outwardl vcurvedfoot ll which is concentric to the retaining pin 1*. The movablejaw-member l: has niovtnnent between the walls l and it is retained inplace between the said walls by means of the retaining pin ll whichpasses through its bearing-web J. As shown in F 2, the bear ing-web J isconcentric to the retaining-pin l 'lherefore it follows that the saidhearing-web is always bearing upon the foot ll. The wall G- is reallythe back of the chan1- her I). The said sleeve is provided with a lowerchamber 9, thus forming side-walls 3. Into this lower chamber extendsthe shoulder 4t of the pawl 5, and through this shoulder passes theretaining pin (3 which is held in the said walls 23. As will beunderstood, the lower end 7 of the pawl 5 engages with the teeth 8 ofthe ratchet which is formed in one edge of the stem or handle A- Thesaid sleeve C is provided with a hole 9 through which extends the coiledspring '10. The lower end of the spring it) rests in the bed-way llformed in the pawl 5, and the upper end of the spring rests in the bedway 12 formed in the jinv-mcmber l. By means of the said spring, it willbe understood that the pawl is held in engagement: with the teeth 8 soas to lock the sleeve C in the desired position. lly means of the said s'n'ing 10 the jaw-member l is spring held in position. The said sleeve(1 is chambered as shown at .3 so as to allow movement of the head 1 1:of the pawl 5 when it is desired to disengage the said pawl from theteeth 8. It will be noticed upon referring to Fit 2 that the walls ofthe sleeve C surrounding the stem or handle A are very stout. The innerfront wall 15 of the said sleeve is preferably constructed so that itslower portion 16 will have a clearance with the teeth 8.

17 is any suitable pin or stop which limits the downward movement of thesleeve C.

The inner surface of the head B (this head is really the fixed member ofthe jaw) is concaved and is provided with the teeth 18.

Upon referring to Fig. 3 it wlll be seen that a pipe 20 is shown grippedbetween the head B and the movable jaw-member I. The said head and themovable jaw-member I are represented as exerting strains so as to twistthe pipe 20 in the direction 1nd1- cated by arrow. When the wrench is tobe used, the sleeve C is moved up so as to carry the movable jaw-memberI agalnst the pipe and tilt it into the position shown in Fig. 3. 'Whenforce is applied to the wrench, the strain exerted on the pipe 20through the movable-jaw-member I causes said awmember to turn inwardtoward the stem or handle A until the pipe is gripped firmly between thehead B and the said movable j aw-member. When the wrench is properlypositioned the movement of the aw-member 1 before it takes grip, isinconsiderable. Should the movable jaw-member I slip, it

will move of course on its bearing web J (which always bears against thefoot H) in the direction toward the stem or handle A, thus enabling theeccentric movement to throw the tooth immediately to the right of theone that slipped, into contact with the pipe. As the strain iscontinued, the eccentric inthrow of the movable jaw-member T tightensthe grip on the pipe 20, thus positively preventing the wrench fromslipping. The upper surface of the movable jawmember I is convexed, asillustrated. This construction of the same, together with the describedconstruction of the inner surface of the head B, enables me to provide atool of the class described, whereby while the work will be firmlygripped between those portions of the said gripping-surfaces actually incontact therewith, still there will be no danger of a crushing strainbeing brought into play. It is an important object of my invention toexert a twisting force on the work. The movement of the jaw-member Ttoward the stem A, moves the convexed surface thereof so as tocompensate for the concaved shape of the gripping-surface of the head B,and so thus always maintain the relative position of those portions ofthe grippingsurfaces actually in contact with the work and between whichthe same is gripped. Should the grippingsurface of the head B slip onthe work and thus move the stem A nearer the work, the indraw or inwardmovement of the jawmember T will cause the same to rock on its retainingpin F, thus relatively positioning the portion of the gripping-surfaceof this jaw-member T in contact with the work, in respect of the portionof the gripping-surface of the head B in contact therewith. The mountingof the movable jaw-member l eccentrically in the sleeve C permits theindraw of the said jaw-member, that is, its movement toward the work. Asshown in Fig. 2, the back of the bearing-web J seats against-the wallGr, thus limiting the in throw of the aw-member I.

In Figs. 6 and 7 T show a form of my wrench adapted to be used forremoving and tightening flanges and nuts. Thehead B projects beyond bothsides of the stem or handle A as shown and is provided with the usualteeth. In this form of my invention, the teeth 8 are formed in the sideof the stem or handle A and the construction of the sleeve C is changedas shown so that the jaw-member T will co-act with either of theprojecting sides of the head B 5 is the pawl which is suitably mountedin the sleeve C 5 is a coiled spring held in a pocket 0 formed in thesleeve C The said spring keeps the said pawl in engagement with theteeth 8 9 is a coiled spring held in a pocket (not shown) formed in thesleeve 0 The upper end of the said spring is held in a pocket (notshown) formed in the jaw-member T The stem or handle A is without a stopor pin in the path of movement of the sleeve C and therefore the saidsleeve and the parts carried thereby can be slid off the handle and slidback thereon, so that the jaw-member I may be positioned to coact withthe desired overhanging flange of the head B In Fig. 4 I show mypipe-wrench adapted for cutting pipe. To adapt my wrench for thispurpose I remove the jaw-member I from the sleeve G, and mount in thesaid sleeve, after the manner described, a jawmember I in which. ismounted the cutting disk 21. 22 is the pin by means of which the cuttingdisk 21 is mounted in the jawmember 1 As shown by dotted lines in Fig.4-, the aw-member T is provided with a slot 23 so as to accommodate thecutting disk 21. 9.4 and 25 are cutting disks mounted in the lowerportion 26 of the shoe 2'? by means of the pins 28 and 29 respectively.30 is the bridge connecting the two standards 31 and 32 of the said shoetogethcr. The under side of the said bridge is chambered so as to allowfor the movement of the cutting disks 24: and 2:5. The upper side of thebridge 30 is provided with teeth 33 which coact with the teeth 18 of thehead B so that the said shoe may be snugly held in place. 34 is aneccentric function of a jaw member; of a sleeve mounted to havelongitudinal movement on said handle, and provided with upper and lowerchambers, and further provided with a hole near its front portion; amovable jaw member co-acting with said head and eccentrically mounted inthe upper chamber of said sleeve and having bearing against the same; apawl mounted in the lower chamber in said sleeve and having an extensionformed to engage with the teeth of said rack; a spring held in the holeformed in said sleeve and engaging said movable jaw member and saidpawl, and a head integrally formed with said pawl whereby the same isreadily manipulated.

i. In a wrench, the combination with a handle provided with atoothed-rack and a head for said handle provided with a concavedgripping surface and performing the function of a jaw member, of asleeve mounted to have longitudinal movement on said handle and providedwith upper and lower chambers and further provided with a hole near itsfront portion; a movable jaw member oo-acting with said head, andprovided with a convex gripping surface and eccentrically mounted in theupper chamber of said sleeve and having bearing against the same; a pawlmounted in the lower chamber in said sleeve and having an extensionformed toengage with the teeth of said rack, and a spring held in thehole formed in said sleeve and engaging said movable jaw member and saidpawl, as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

JAMES J. NOON. Viitnesses BETA HALL,

WM. S. JORDAN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

